China's
Japan lies to the northeast of China, and Taiwan is directly east of China.
The Government of Nationalist China is located on Taiwan the island.
The official government of China is located in the city of Taiwan. This city is actually referred to as the official Republic of China.
South-East coast of China
"Nationallist" China (located on Taiwan)
Taiwan's coordinates are 23°46'N 121°0'E and is 180 kilometers off the Southeastern coast of China, across the Taiwan Strait. The East China Sea lies to the North, the Philippine Sea to the East, the Luzon Strait directly to the South and the South China Sea to the Southwest. The Philippines are directly South of Taiwan.
Taiwan broke from China after WWII.
In the sea surrouding the Taiwan, alternatively you could go to an aquarium in Taiwan.
China considers Taiwan part of China.
There is Taiwan island, a bit higher than 23N latitude, but now it is not a nation. Taiwan is territory of China.
No. Taiwan is in the East China Sea. It's separated from China by the Taiwan Strait.