Yes, 'around the bend' is a fragment because it has no verb, and it's an incomplete thought. It's a noun phrase (bend is the noun) or a prepositional phrase (bend is the object of the preposition around) that can be the subject, the object of a sentence or preposition. Some examples:
Subject: Around the bend is my house. (verb is)
Object: I live around the bend. (verb live)
Object of a preposition: He came from around the bend. (verb came, object of the preposition from)
"Around the next bend" by itself is a prepositional phrase. It cannot be a sentence by itself because it has no subject. In a conversation, a subject may be implied, but that does not make it a sentence.
sentence fragment
The sentence "many animals in the ocean around Antartica" is a fragment
Do you work? is a complete sentence; it is not a sentence fragment.
"She wave." is fragment but "She waves" is a sentence.
fragment
Fragment.
It is a sentence fragment
Make each fragment into a complete sentence.
is a sentence fragment
"After the storm," is not a complete sentence so it is a fragment.
There seems to be a lot of that going around.