Inconsolable means "very unhappy" and unable to respond to consolation. Disconsolate also means "very unhappy" but implies the ability to respond to consolation if it is offered.
If Fall is the same thing as Summer, and there are four seasons, then that would correspond to 7 days of the week, meaning it would actually be closer to Saturday.
Yes, "how do you do?" is a more formal way of saying "how are you?" It is more or less archaic. However, "How do you do" is never responded to literally, by telling the greeter how you are.