No, these are two different chemicals.
Both of them do have "common" names (archaic and not really all that common any more, though one does run into them occasionally):
"Muriatic acid" is...
Yes, it is extremely strong. It is a very corrosive acid and is a 1 or so on the pH scale which is very acidic. I have tested and concentrated sulfuric acid melted through a rag folded twice.- - - -...