I would just go to your Internet browser and type in Canada railways. Or if you have some type of a textbook for school you could look in the index in the back! :)
The taxi fair will cost you about $15 - $17 on a quiet day, and around $22 - $25 on a busy day.
I have made this trip many times, so i would say i am an expert now.
Good Luck!
There is no direct railway between Melbourne and Alice Springs. The Great Southern Railway runs between Melbourne and Adelaide. From there, one can link to the train which runs from Adelaide to Alice...