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"RPM" is the abbreviation for "rotations per minute."

The RPM of a standard 12" vinyl record is approximately 33 1/3 rotations per minute.

When vinyl records are made, the grooves are "cut,"or created, at a certain speed. In order to ensure proper and accurate playback of the sound information created in the grooves, the record must be played at the same speed that it was cut at.

The RPM of most 7" vinyl singles is 45RPM; sometimes, if a musician wants to be able to fit a longer song on a 7" record, it will be cut (created, remember?) at 33RPM, thus resulting in a longer playing time. This is because it takes longer for the needle to reach the end of the record at this slower speed.

As previously stated, the standard RPM for 12" vinyl records is 33 1/3RPM, but occasionally artists will choose to have their 12" records cut at 45RPM. This is more common in 12" vinyl "singles" - 12" records with only 1 or 2 songs per side. However, it is not recommended to cut a 12" record at 45RPM - there are many reasons not to. Sound quality suffers for numerous reasons. (I have one - it sounds terrible)

The olllld shellac records made in the early 1900's were cut at 78RPM. Most modern turntables ) don't have the capability to play these records; they also require a different needle than vinyl records.

Playing a 33 1/3RPM record at 45RPM will result in a higher pitched sound and a faster playing speed than intended.

Playing a 45RPM record at 33 1/3RPM will result in a lower pitched sound and a slower playing speed than intended.

Hope that helps.

~bryan

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Q: RPM stands for on a vinyl record?
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