The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have issued guidelines for this situation and they do recommend this preventive measure in some demographic groups. It is often the secondary pneumonia that ultimately causes the most severe responses to this viral infection in certain segments of the population and can be the complication that proves fatal in some. The following guidelines were published by CDC on June 9, 2009:
There are two types of pneumonia vaccine recommended for use in two demographic groups: the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) and the a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). These guidelines apply to the use of the PPSV23 vaccine.
- It is recommended by the CDC that all adults aged 65 and older receive the PPSV23 Pneumonia vaccination.
- In the following age groups the CDC recommend the PPSV23 Pneumonia vaccination only if certain medical conditions exist--
Ages 2 through 64 only if one or more of these medical conditions exist:
- Chronic cardiovascular disease (congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathies)
- Chronic pulmonary disease including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and emphysema
- Diabetes mellitus
- Alcoholism
- Chronic liver disease, including cirrhosis
- Cerebrospinal fluid leaks
- Functional or anatomic asplenia including sickle cell disease and splenectomy
- Immunocompromising conditions including HIV infection, leukemia, lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, multiple myeloma, generalized malignancy, chronic renal failure, nephrotic syndrome; those receiving immunosuppressive chemotherapy (including corticosteroids); and those who have received an organ or bone marrow transplant
3. Adults ages 19 through 64 who:
- Smoke cigarettes
- Have Asthma
CDC recommendations regarding use of PCV7 Pneumonia vaccine:
"PCV7 is recommended for all children aged less than 5 years; national coverage among 19-35 month olds with 3 or more PCV7 doses is currently > 90% (National Immunization Survey, July 2007-June 2008)."
"While maintaining this high coverage is important, expanding the use of PCV7 to people aged ≥ 5 years is not indicated because circulation of the 7 serotypes included in the vaccine has declined substantially and disease caused by these serotypes is now uncommon."