team and group meetings, casual conversations over the phone or e-mail, and memos and preliminary reports to teleconferencing, brainstorming idea sessions, department or division meetings, and drafting documents
An organization structure provides channels for the flow of information an which the decision of the organization will be based. as such an organization can be described as the network of communication channels.These channels can be either intentionally desinged,or they may develop of their accord.When achannelis intentionallyprescribed for the flow of communicationin the organization,we call it a Formal channel,and the communication passingthrough that channelas formalcommunication.On the other hand,when communication takes place throughchannel not intentionally designed, in other words,outside the formalchannels.such channel are reffered to as informal channels,and the communication as informal communication. An organization chart shows the direction of formal communication flow in an organization.It identifies the various transmitters and recevers, and the channels through which theymust communicate
this is a communication barrier characterized by false information or hearsays. gossip As in, "I heard it through the grapevine..." Grapevine communication is a form of informal business communication, which develops within an organization.
Psychologists have often stated that the majority of communication is transmitted through nonverbal channels. Dr. Albert Mehrabian argues that 55 percent of communication is nonverbal.
Two step flow communication is the communication that goes through two channels.
Two step flow communication is the communication that goes through two channels.
An organization structure provides channels for the flow of information an which the decision of the organization will be based. as such an organization can be described as the network of communication channels.These channels can be either intentionally desinged,or they may develop of their accord.When achannelis intentionallyprescribed for the flow of communicationin the organization,we call it a Formal channel,and the communication passingthrough that channelas formalcommunication.On the other hand,when communication takes place throughchannel not intentionally designed, in other words,outside the formalchannels.such channel are reffered to as informal channels,and the communication as informal communication. An organization chart shows the direction of formal communication flow in an organization.It identifies the various transmitters and recevers, and the channels through which theymust communicate
this is a communication barrier characterized by false information or hearsays. gossip As in, "I heard it through the grapevine..." Grapevine communication is a form of informal business communication, which develops within an organization.
Psychologists have often stated that the majority of communication is transmitted through nonverbal channels. Dr. Albert Mehrabian argues that 55 percent of communication is nonverbal.
Two step flow communication is the communication that goes through two channels.
Two step flow communication is the communication that goes through two channels.
Two step flow communication is the communication that goes through two channels.
Common problems with upward communication Risky to tell upper management about problems (fear of retribution) Not enough opportunities or channels for lower-level workers to contact upper levels of management Upward Communication The communication from lower level of organization to top level is called upward communication. The organization needs suggestions as well as feedback from the employee of organization in routine work, through that the management came to know the needs and wants of their employee. Ombudsman
Formal communication is written, oral or graphic communication routed through the "official channels" These follow the lines of authority and accountability.
It is generally a poor form of communication, since information could be second-hand or third-hand and even conflated with other rumors. It is, however, sometimes the only source when the normal means of obtaining information have been shut down, or when a cover-up takes place.
1. Free flow of information:As no formal channel is maintained information can flow freely among the employees of the organization.2. Rapid communication:In case of informal communication messages can be transmitted to the ultimate recipient faster than formal communication.3. Suitable for motivation:In modern days many communication experts advocated that informal communication is more appropriate for motivating employees.4. Remove mental distances:Through informal communication employees can share their views on any problem. As a result mental distances are reduced.5. Increase enthusiasm:Due to the very nature of informal communication it allows lower level employees to communicate freely with the top management. Accordingly problems of lower level employees can be minimized and their enthusiasm increased.6. Evaluation of employees:Sometimes it is necessary for the management to evaluate the attitudes of the employees. Through informal communication management can come closer to the operational level employees and judge their attitudes clearly.7. Supportive:Informal communication is not just a separate system of exchanging information; it is also supportive to the formal communication. Meaning of formal communication can be clarified by the informal communication.8. Increase co-operation:Co-operation among the employees increased by informal communication.9. Flexibility:One of the major advantages of informal communication is flexibility. Infect it is popular among the employees for its flexibility. It can adopt with the demand of the situation.10. Enhance mutual trust:By removing mental distance informal communication also enhance the mutual trust between the management and employees.
chain of command
formal goals are those expressed by th organization through its mission, policies and procedures. informal goals are those of the individual employee antn forms the culture of the organization