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By conquest.
The Persian Gulf
Iran
Persia (modern Iran).
Arabia and central Africa.
The Persian Gulf
The Assyrian, Babylonian and Hellenic.
It established a territory from Asia Minor to the Indus River. Within this territory it attemped to maintain peace, prosperity, security and used local government to rule, under Persian provincial governors (satraps).
He built it by taking over the Babylonian and Lydian Empires, and consolidating these and Persian-Mede territory.
King Chandragupta took the territory into Indian control.
He built it on the base of the previous Babylonian Empire one.
Fertile Crescent