no
Many are called African or Asian.
The word may have come from Phoenician into Greek or Latin then into French then English. See the link for the on-line etymology.
Avogadro's constant, about 6.022 x 1023. A mole of anything is Avogadro's constant.
because it can trap mud and water in the lines (or as you think of it cracks.) and that cools it off