What age can you neuter a dog?

Answer:
You can neuter a dog at any age, there are times in the dog's age that are considered to be the best time to neuter.

Like humans, male animals need certain hormones in order to develop properly. The best advice is this: Wait until your dog is fully grown, usually around 18 months old for males, although this differs depending on the breed. Larger breeds of dog take much longer to become physically and mentally mature than a small breed of dog. Most owners and a lot of vets advise that the optimum age is 18 months old, although some large breeds will likely benefit from being castrated at a later age.

Similar advice goes for female dogs also, with the general consensous that a female should be spayed 3 months after the first season for a small-medium sized dog, or, for large and giant breeds, it should be done after the second or third season as this allows more time for the dog to mature properly. The "3 months after a season" rule is in place as this allows any swelling of the uterus during the season to go down and therefore reduces any chance of uncontrolled bleeding during the surgery. It is possible to spay earlier but the risks are a lot higher and many vets will refuse to do the procedure.

The reason for waiting is all down to physical and mental growth of the dog. There have been many studies that show that allowing them to finish growing properly in regards to bone growth is beneficial, and the presence of the repoductive hormones actually shut off the growth hormones. It is thought that dogs spayed or nuetered too early, the growth hormones aren't shut off when it naturally would be. The "excess" bone growth can cause joint and ligament problems such as cruciate and can cause joint problems such as arthiritis or hip or elbow dysplasia later on in a dog's life. Larger dogs particarly are at a higher risk of these problems.

Waiting also allows the dog to mature mentally. While the idea of a dog keeping its puppy-like mental state may sound cute, it can cause behavioural problems later on.
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