Johannes Kepler was the man who disproved Copernicus' theory that the planets orbit the sun in an circular motion. Kepler proved that the planets orbit in an oval, or ellipticall, motion.
He was an unorthodox Lutheran. Born and raised a Lutheran, he went to the University of Tubingen, a stronghold of Lutheranism, but eventually his unorthodox views led him to be excommunicated in 1612.