Answer:
Well, look up those particular substances, you'll find that most might have actually pharmacologic effects in normal doses.
But the "X" you refer too is how many times said substance was diluted. The higher the number before the X, the weaker the end result.
In homeopathy they use an outdated principle called "water memory" (look up the wiki article). It's a ridiculous concept that has no place in modern medicine, but it's how they roll.
So, a 1X dilution means they take one part of the active ingredient, mix it with nine parts water, and shake vigorously. They then take 9/10 of this solution, and discard it.
For a 3X dilution they do this twice more, each time with the remainder AFTER throwing away the other 9 parts of the mixture.
You can see how this grows exponentially, and results in water. Just plain water, without a single molecule of the "active ingredient" contained within.
I know, I know. I'm just as peeved as you...
Waste of money on sugar pills.
That's what lactose is: A milk sugar. Just so you know.
I was wondering how they get a liquid dilution of a substance into pill form.
And the answer is, they don't. It's all lactose, probably with the water to bind it. Idk how it's made, but its results are strictly placebo.