Housecats are basically called Felis catus whereas the Jaguar, Tiger, Leopard and Lion all belong to the Panthera group.
For example:
The Cheetah is called Acinonyx jubatus. As a unique cat, it has it's own genus, Acinonyx.
The domestic cat is called the 'Felis Catus' in Scientific terms.
Felidae
Feral cats are Domestic cats that are not used to humans and often live outside. Seeing as these still come under the Domestic Cat species, their Scientific name is Felis catus.
The Scientific name for the Domestic Cat is Felis catus.
Felis Catus