Debt funds are specialized types of funds that invest in bonds and other debt instruments. Since they invest in debt instruments like government bonds, corporate bonds, debuntures etc the returns are nearly guaranteed and at the same time, since they are safe instruments their returns are also only equivalent to bank deposits. Around 8-9% per annum.
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Debt funds are funds that invest in long, medium or short-term income bearing instruments like corporate bonds, debentures, fixed deposits, treasury bills, commercial papers, etc. Debt funds guarantee a constant flow of returns and are less volatile than other equity funds that also form part of mutual funds investment.
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Debt mutual funds are simply mutual funds that invest in an assortment of debt instruments like government bonds, fixed deposits and approved private deposits. Debt funds are primarily focused on getting regular returns. The fund invests in deposits with maturing tenures and varying interest rates. So when investing in these funds you should take care to match your individual time frame to that of the fund. The current income is also received in the form of dividend so the cash flow is generally tax free in the hands of investors.
Debt funds are also highly liquid as they can be converted to cash easily and are useful in creating a well balanced portfolio. 1 year HDFC Monthly Income Plan and 3 years Reliance Monthly Income plan are two of the top performing Mutual funds that invest in debt instruments in India.
Debt mutual funds are identical for parking time bound funds at minimal or no risk. Debt funds are useful for very conservative investors who don't want to take equity risk and want to keep their principal safe and earn decent return similar or slightly higher then bank fixed deposit or want to park their short term liquid funds. While investing in debt fund, one should be aware of the time horizon of investment after which he may require the funds for meeting his approaching goals.