-to improve on previous answer ^^
in long term effects for your respiratory system you get an increase of air sacks in your lungs, an increase of capacity of your lungs, and increase of strength and muscle size of your diaphragm and intercostal rib muscles.
in long term effects for you cardio system your heart rate lowers during rest due to: stronger contractions from the enlarged muscles in your heart which means it takes less pumps to send the same amount of blood around your body from before. Also your endurance and recovery time improves.