There aren't many.
The Tenth Amendment has been invoked only on rare occasions. The Supreme Court held in United States v. Sprague,(1931) that:
"The Tenth Amendment added nothing to the Constitution as originally ratified, and lends no support to the contention that the people did not delegate this power to Congress in matters affecting their own personal liberty."
The Tenth Amendment was used to challenge New Deal legislation in United States v. Darby Lumber Co., (1941), when Darby Lumber sought to have the federal Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938 declared unconstitutional on the grounds that the federal government wasn't authorized to regulate companies that operated entirely within a State's borders (i.e., intrastate). The Supreme Court unanimously held the (Interstate) Commerce Clause allowed Congress to regulate all labor to prevent unfair trade practices between the states. This decision overturned earlier precedents that permitted the states more leeway to regulate commerce and labor.
Since that time, the Supreme Court has only upheld two Tenth Amendment challenges against the federal government, in New York v. United States, (1992), involving an unfunded mandate; and again in Printz v. United States, (1997), overturning the Brady Handgun Violence Prevention Act on the grounds that it unconstitutionally required state officials to enforce a federal program. The Second Amendment had not yet been incorporated to the states in 1997.
The Tenth Amendment has previously been held non-justiciable, but that hasn't stopped litigants from citing the vague wording to support arguments favoring State sovereignty over federal authority. Tenth Amendment proponents believe the Constitution only grants the national government authority that is explicitly enumerated in the Constitution, and believe "implied powers" are unconstitutional.
In the 2010 Term, the Supreme Court heard arguments in the case United States v. Bond, 09-1227, in which the respondent argued the Federal government had exceeded its authority by charging her in federal court with a crime under 18 U.S.C. § 229(a), a law "enacted by Congress to implement the United States' treaty obligations under an international arms-control agreement that prohibits nation-states from producing, stockpiling, or using chemical weapons..." after she attempted to poison her husband's pregnant lover. Bond believed the case should have been tried in the State courts and challenged the United States' authority to remove her case to federal court. The Supreme Court is expected to make a decision before the end of June 2011.
The health care legislation often referred to as "Obamacare" (Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010) is also expected to face a Tenth Amendment challenge.
Amendment X
"The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the states, are reserved to the states respectively, or to the people."
for example the red light and were supposed to stop even though it's not written down in the constitution, we still supposed to do it.
Roe v. Wayde (Abortion)
Lawrence v. Texas (Homosexual Conduct law)
Griswold v. Connecticut (Birth Control)
ninth amendment
the Ninth Amendment
In May 27, 2011, Elena Kagan is the ninth US Supreme Court justice because she was the most recent appointee (August 2010). The "ninth justice" is more commonly known as the Junior Justice because he (or she) has the least seniority on the Court.
The Founding Fathers attempted to cover all bases, making sure each person was protected by the Constitution, although they may not be named. However, the vagueness of the Ninth Amendment has caused a lot of confusion, and can be interpreted different ways depending on whether the sitting supreme court justices are progressive leaning or conservative.
The Fourth Amendment regarding siezure of property.The Fifth Amendment regarding just compensation.The Eighth Amendment regarding cruel and unusual punishment.The Ninth Amendment regarding individual rights. In 1832 the Supreme Court ruled in Worcester vs. State of Georgia that the State had no right over Indian affairs. That same court had previously ruled that the Cherokee were not a soverign nation.
The US Supreme Court has incorporated much of the Bill of Rights to the states via the Fourteenth Amendment. While this doesn't quite ensure states respect individuals' US Constitutional rights, it does give people a legal right to fight unconstitutional state laws and policies if or when they're enacted.
yes, ninth amendment
The Ninth Amendment states: "The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people." U.S. Const. Amend. IX "Privacy" is an example of a right not specifically stated in the Constitution. In 1965, the Supreme Court, in Griswold v. Connecticut, found a right to privacy existed in the "penumbras" of other rights found within the Bill of Rights. In a concurring opinion, Justice Goldberg used the Ninth Amendment to support the majority's decision.
The Ninth Amendment was enacted to ensure that a particular rule of statutory interpretation is not applied: expressio unius est exclusio alterius (which means something like, the expression of one is the exclusion of all others). Without the Ninth Amendment, people could try to argue that because the Bill of Rights lists certain rights of the People, those are our onlyrights.Although some people have looked to the Ninth Amendment as a way for the federal courts to recognize individual rights not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution (under a theory that there are basic human rights or that there are certain god given rights), the Supreme Court has been extremely reticent to do so. Off the top of my head, I can't think of any substantive rights justified using the Ninth Amendment.
Twenty-ninth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland happened in 2011.
The Ninth Amendment was passed on December 15, 1791. passed by 3/4 of the states.
Third Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland happened in 1972.