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Radon is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, naturally occurring, radioactive noble gas that is formed from the decay of radium. It is one of the heaviest substances that remains a gas under normal conditions and is considered to be a health hazard. The most stable isotope, 222Rn, has a half-life of 3.8 days and is used in radiotherapy. While having been less studied by chemists due to its high radioactivity, there are a few uses of this generally unreactive element:

Medical Uses

It has been said that exposure to radon gas mitigates auto-immune diseases such as Arthritis (due to radiation's suppressing effects on the immune system). As a result, in the late 20th century and early 21st century, some "health mines" were established in Basin, Montana which attracted people seeking relief from health problems such as arthritis through limited exposure to radioactive mine water and radon. The practice is controversial because of the "well-documented ill effects of high-dose radiation on the body."

In addition to personal testimonies of arthritis relief and other benefits, there is some scientific evidence for this belief, known as hormesis. However, the general scientific community finds it unsubstantiated. There is no known biological mechanism by which such an effect could occur. In addition, it conflicts with the internationally recognized standard that there is no safe threshold for radiation exposure and that exposure should be limited to that "as low as reasonably achievable".

The radon gas which is used as a cancer treatment in medicine is obtained from the decay of a radium chloride source. In the past, radium and radon have both been used for X-ray medical radiography, but they have fallen out of use as they are radiotoxic alpha radiation emitters which are expensive and have been replaced with iridium-192 and cobalt-60 since they are far better photon sources.

Scientific Uses

Radon emanation from the soil varies with soil type and with surface uranium content, so outdoor radon concentrations can be used to track air masses to a limited degree. This fact has been put to use by some atmospheric scientists. Because of radon's rapid loss to air and comparatively rapid decay, radon is used in hydrologic research that studies the interaction between ground water and streams. Any significant concentration of radon in a stream is a good indicator that there are local inputs of ground water. Radon is also used in the dating of oil-containing soils because radon has a high affinity of oil-like substances.

Radon soil-concentration has been used in an experimental way to map buried close-subsurface geological faults because concentrations are generally higher over the faults. Similarly, it has found some limited use in geothermal prospecting. Some researchers have also looked at elevated soil-gas radon concentrations, or rapid changes in soil or groundwater radon concentrations, as a predictor for earthquakes. Results have been generally unconvincing but may ultimately prove to have some limited use in specific locations.

Radon is a known pollutant emitted from geothermal power stations, though it disperses rapidly, and no radiological hazard has been demonstrated in various investigations. The trend in geothermal plants is to reinject all emissions by pumping deep underground, and this seems likely to ultimately decrease such radon hazards further.

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Radon is a common byproduct of the decay of radioactive elements like radium and uranium present in Earth's crust. Until recently it was used in radiation treatment for cancer, and is still used in Geiger counters. It can also be used as an indication of the presence of certain minerals by prospectors, and changes in concentrations can be used as earthquake predictors.

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Q: What are some common uses for radon gas?
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Related questions

What do you use radon for?

radon has no uses because it is a poisoness gas.


What does radon have in common with its family?

It is a gas.


Is radon 222 an indoor particle?

Radon is a gas, possible to be in buildings. Radon 222 is an isotope of radon, the most common.


What is a common compound found that includes radon?

radon is a noble gas, so it does not form compounds.


A radioactive gas?

Tritium and radon are radioactive gases.


What are the industrial uses of radon?

Radon has been used as a radiation source in cancer therapy, with some advantages over radium. It is also used as radioactive tracer to spot gas leeks and in fluid measurements.


Is radon a gas at room temperature?

Yes, radon is a gas at room temperature.


Is radon a solid a gas or a liquid?

Radon is a gas at room temperature.


Where do they get radon from?

Radon is a naturally occurring element. It is a noble gas, and is highly unreactive. Radon is a poisonous gas and is the second most common reason people have lung cancer (behind smoking). Most radon comes from beneath the ground and as it rises up it can permeate through someone's home. This is why it is important to have radon detectors in geographical areas that have had a historically high concentration of radon.


Is Radon synthetically produced?

Radon is a naturally occurring odorless colorless radioactive gas that is emitted by the decay of uranium in the soil. It has no known industrial uses, and there is no need to synthesize it.


Is radon reactivate?

As a heavy noble gas radon is practically not reactive. Only some compounds are known now.


What is radon's hardness?

Radon is a gas, no hardness.