What are the Applications of XOR?

It can be used as memory, it remembers the input of for instance A if the other input is 0. For example: A 0 XOR 0 0 0 1 0 1 It is used to check the parity of received...

One of its main applications is its use as a parity checker. i am not exactly sure but from what our lecturer stated, this is sometimes to check whether packets of data arrive correctly or not. If...

gdg Web applications are stored on a server and delivered to users over the Internet. A Web application is usually a three-tier structure, comprising a User Service tier (allowing user access to the...

Yes both are same

No, this is a common misconception. The application layer is the interface between programs (applications) and the network layers.