What are the Nozzle tip size for fire truck pump test?

Answer 1

Procedure:

Park apparatus to be tested in a safe location; close enough to the water source to provide adequate water supply. If a hydrant is used, an area should be secured to allow for hoses, etc. Connect the discharge hose(s) and nozzle(s) as needed for the given pump capacity listed in table A (Hose and Nozzle Layout). Gate valves can be used to create friction loss for the different test flows. The apparatus discharge valves can also be used. When two or more lines are needed they may be connected to a monitor. 100 feet of hose is usually adequate.

Table A - Hose and Nozzle Layout

Discharge GPM

Nozzle Size

Layout 2 1/2" attack line

250 - 350

1 1/8" or

1 1/4"

One 50 ft. line

One 50 ft. line

400 - 500

1 3/8" or

1 1/2"

One 50 ft. line

One 50 ft. line

600 - 750

1 1/2" or

1 3/4"

Two 100 ft. lines

Two 100 ft. lines

1000

2"

2 or 3 100 ft. lines

1250

2 1/4"

Four 100 ft. lines

1250

1 3/4" &

1 1/2"

Two 100 ft. lines &

One 50 ft. line

1500

2" &

1 3/8"

Three 100 ft. lines

One 50 ft. line

1750

2 - 2"

Two 100 ft. lines each

2000

2 - 2"

Two 100 ft. lines each

Reference: NFPA 1911, Service Tests of Pumps on Fire Department Apparatus, 1911

Connect draft / suction hose and strainer (or adequate hydrant supply hose) to the intake of the pump. Make sure that all valves are closed and the suction hose is tight enough to maintain a seal. Place the suction hose in the water. Strainer must be at least two feet below the water surface.

Start the pump and develop pressure. Once pressure is obtained (from draft) open the discharge valve(s) slowly to permit the flow of water. The main pump speed is gradually increased until the desired pressure at the pump is reached (150 psi). Check the flow at the nozzle with a pitot gauge or flow meter. If the flow is too great, partially close one (or more) gate valves. If the flow is too low, open the valve. Readjust engine speed to correct discharge pressure. Engine speed should not exceed 80% of its peak. When both the discharge pressure and the volume flowing are satisfactory, the test begins and runs for 20 minutes. Record the pump discharge pressure, nozzle pressure, engine tachometer when the test begins and at 5 minute intervals throughout the complete test. Automatic relief valves should be disengaged during the test.

Annual Fire Apparatus Pump Service Test

Meets NPFA standards and ISO requirements

Taken from NFPA 1911

This test is to be used annually to test fire apparatus that has a fire pump with 250 gpm or larger capacity or if the pump and/or engine on the apparatus have been repaired or modified. It meets the NFPA 1901 Class A Pump rating test and ISO requirements for annual pump or service test. This test is not the same as a "New Apparatus Acceptance or UL (Underwriter's Laboratory) Test" which is conducted by an independent agency for the manufacturer and is approximately 3 hours in length.

NPFA 1901 Class "A" Pump Rating

Rating Capacity

100% capacity at 150 psi

70% capacity at 200 psi

50% capacity at 250 psi

Annual Pump Test - Service Test

May be done by local fire department 1 hour

100% Capacity at 150 psi for 20 minutes

70% Capacity at 200 psi for 10 minutes

50% Capacity at 250 psi for 10 minutes

Warning! Pump service testing can be a dangerous operation and all safety precautions should be taken.

Equipment needed:

· Pump apparatus to be tested

· Firm, level surface near large (10,000 gallons or more) body of water with at least 4 feet of water depth, not more than 10 feet below the center of the pump intake which will allow the strainer to be submerged at least two feet below the surface of the water

· 20 feet of hard suction hose appropriate for the rated capacity of the pump

· 2 ½ inch discharge hoses of appropriate length for the pump (see table A "HOSE AND NOZZLE LAYOUT")

· Straight bore nozzles of appropriate discharge diameter (see table A "HOSE AND NOZZLE LAYOUT")

· Monitor (may not be required, see table A "HOSE AND NOZZLE LAYOUT")

· Pitot gauge

· PUMP TEST DATA form (one needed for each pump to be tested)

· Calculator

In testing the pump there are three variable factors, the change in one factor will cause change in at least one of the other factors. The three variables are pump speed, net pump pressure, and pump discharge rate. For example; any change to engine speed changes pump speed. Any change to hose layout or valve position changes pump pressure. Change in the nozzle tip changes discharge rate. Using these variables is the only way to reach the standard test condition desired.

While tests are being performed, attention should be given to engine temperature and oil pressure to ensure that they are in normal range. Any unusual vibrations or water leaks should be checked, noted and repaired after the test is complete. Any indication of engine or pump failure dictates that it is pointless to continue the test.

Procedure:

Park apparatus to be tested in a safe location; close enough to the water source to provide adequate water supply. If a hydrant is used, an area should be secured to allow for hoses, etc. Connect the discharge hose(s) and nozzle(s) as needed for the given pump capacity listed in table A (Hose and Nozzle Layout). Gate valves can be used to create friction loss for the different test flows. The apparatus discharge valves can also be used. When two or more lines are needed they may be connected to a monitor. 100 feet of hose is usually adequate.

Table A - Hose and Nozzle Layout

Discharge GPM

Nozzle Size

Layout 2 1/2" attack line

250 - 350

1 1/8" or

1 1/4"

One 50 ft. line

One 50 ft. line

400 - 500

1 3/8" or

1 1/2"

One 50 ft. line

One 50 ft. line

600 - 750

1 1/2" or

1 3/4"

Two 100 ft. lines

Two 100 ft. lines

1000

2"

2 or 3 100 ft. lines

1250

2 1/4"

Four 100 ft. lines

1250

1 3/4" &

1 1/2"

Two 100 ft. lines &

One 50 ft. line

1500

2" &

1 3/8"

Three 100 ft. lines

One 50 ft. line

1750

2 - 2"

Two 100 ft. lines each

2000

2 - 2"

Two 100 ft. lines each

Reference: NFPA 1911, Service Tests of Pumps on Fire Department Apparatus, 1911

Connect draft / suction hose and strainer (or adequate hydrant supply hose) to the intake of the pump. Make sure that all valves are closed and the suction hose is tight enough to maintain a seal. Place the suction hose in the water. Strainer must be at least two feet below the water surface.

Start the pump and develop pressure. Once pressure is obtained (from draft) open the discharge valve(s) slowly to permit the flow of water. The main pump speed is gradually increased until the desired pressure at the pump is reached (150 psi). Check the flow at the nozzle with a pitot gauge or flow meter. If the flow is too great, partially close one (or more) gate valves. If the flow is too low, open the valve. Readjust engine speed to correct discharge pressure. Engine speed should not exceed 80% of its peak. When both the discharge pressure and the volume flowing are satisfactory, the test begins and runs for 20 minutes. Record the pump discharge pressure, nozzle pressure, engine tachometer when the test begins and at 5 minute intervals throughout the complete test. Automatic relief valves should be disengaged during the test.

After the first portion of the test is completed, the pump pressure should be raised to 200 psi and the test run for 10 minutes to complete the third portion of the test. The pump pressure should be raised to 250 psi. See examples on the next page.

1000 gpm pump 6 inch suction 20 feet

Pump Pressure GPM Nozzle Tip Discharge Hose Pitot Reading

150 psi 1000 2" 3 x 100 ft 72 psi

200 psi 700 1 3/4" 2 x 100 ft 60 psi

250 psi 500 1 1/2" 1 x 100 ft 58 psi

750 gpm pump 5 inch suction 20 feet

Pump Pressure GPM Nozzle Tip Discharge Hose Pitot Reading

150 psi 750 1 3/4" 2 x 100 ft 68

200 psi 525 1 1/2" 1 x 100 ft 62 psi

250 psi 375 1 1/4" 1 x 100 ft 66 psi

500 gpm pump 4 1/2-inch suction 20 feet

Pump Pressure GPM Nozzle Tip Discharge Hose Pitot Reading

150 psi 500 1 1/2" 1 x 50 ft 58

200 psi 300 1 1/4" 1 x 50 ft 58 psi

250 psi 250 1" 1 x 50 ft 72 psi

The following formula can be used to convert nozzle pressure to gallons per minute.

GPM = 29.83 c d2 Önp

C= coefficient of discharge nozzle

D = diameter of nozzle in inches

P = pressure of flow (pitot reading)

Example: Diameter of nozzle 2"

Nozzle pressure 72 psi

Coefficient of nozzle 0.99

GPM = 29.83 x 0.99 x 2" squared x square root of 72psi

GPM = 29.83 x 0.99 x 4 x 8.485 = 1002 gpm

GPM = 1002

If you do not want to use the formula above see Table B, which gives the nozzle pressure for smooth bore nozzles.

Discharge Table for Smooth Nozzles

(nozzle pressure measured by pitot gauge)

Nozzle

Pressure

(psi)

GPM

Nozzle diameter (inches)

1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 3/8 1 1/2

Nozzle

Pressure

(psi)

GPM

Nozzle diameter (inches)

1 1 1/8 1 1/4 1 3/8 1 1/2

5

66

84

103

125

149

60

229

290

357

434

517

6

72

92

113

137

163

62

233

295

363

441

525

7

78

99

122

148

176

64

237

299

369

448

533

8

84

106

131

158

188

66

240

304

375

455

542

9

89

112

139

168

200

68

244

308

381

462

542

10

93

118

146

177

211

70

247

313

386

469

558

12

102

130

160

194

231

72

251

318

391

475

566

14

110

140

173

210

249

74

254

322

397

482

574

16

118

150

185

224

267

76

258

326

402

488

582

18

125

159

196

237

283

78

261

330

407

494

589

20

132

167

206

250

298

80

264

335

413

500

596

22

139

175

216

263

313

82

268

339

418

507

604

24

145

183

226

275

327

84

271

343

423

513

611

26

151

191

235

286

340

86

274

347

428

519

618

28

157

198

244

297

353

88

277

351

433

525

626

30

162

205

253

307

365

90

280

355

438

531

633

32

167

212

261

317

377

92

283

359

443

537

640

34

172

218

269

327

389

94

286

363

447

543

647

36

177

224

277

336

400

96

289

367

452

549

654

38

182

231

285

345

411

98

292

370

456

554

660

40

187

237

292

354

422

100

295

374

461

560

667

42

192

243

299

363

432

105

303

383

473

574

683

44

196

248

306

372

442

110

310

392

484

588

699

46

200

254

313

380

452

115

317

401

495

600

715

48

205

259

320

388

462

120

324

410

505

613

730

50

209

265

326

396

472

125

331

418

516

626

745

52

213

270

333

404

481

130

337

427

526

638

760

54

217

275

339

412

490

135

343

435

536

650

775

56

221

280

315

419

499

140

350

443

546

662

789

58

225

285

351

426

508

145

356

450

556

674

803

60

229

290

357

434

517

150

362

458

565

686

817

SAMPLE PUMP TEST DATA

This is for annual service testing only. This test is not a UL or acceptance test!

______Somewhere________ FIRE DEPARTMENT

F.D. or Unit No. __E-2 Make _Pirsch___ Year Built _1995__ Witnessed by _Chief Chavez____

Test Location __City Pump Station Elevation _3800'_ Draft_X_ Hydrant ___ residual psi_____

(Draft is preferred, but a hydrant test is acceptable)

Specifications: _250_ gpm @ 150 (120) psi _100% _175_ gpm @ 200 psi _70_%

__125 gpm @ 250 psi _50_ %

(Obtain this information from the metal or plastic tag usually located on the pump panel)

First Test - Capacity - Layout - 20 minutes 2nd test - 200 psi - Lay out - 10 minutes

2 ½" Hose length _50'Tip #1 = 1 1/8 inch 2 ½" Hose Length _50'_ Tip #1 = 1 1/8 inch

2 ½" Hose length ____Tip #2 = _____ inch 2 ½" Hose length ______ Tip #2 = _____ inch

Time

Pump Pressure psi

Pitot Reading psi

Time

Pump Pressure psi

Pitot Readings

psi

Inlet

Discharge

No. 1

No. 2

Inlet

Discharge

No. 1

No. 2

0900

170

45

0925

216

22

0905

171

45

0930

216

22

0910

172

46

0935

216

22

0915

172

46

0920

172

46

Average

216

22

3rd test - 250 psi - layout - 10 mins.

2 ½" Hose Length __50'_ Tip #1 = _1 1/8 inch

2 ½" Hose length ______ Tip #2 = _____ inch

0945

255

11

0950

255

11

0955

255

11

Average

172

46

Average

255

11

Summary

Time

Mins.

No. 1 Nozzle

No. 2 Nozzle

Total

Pump

Lift

Net

Press.

Psi

Corr.

Psi

Disch.

GPM

Press.

Psi

Corr.

Psi

Disch. GPM

Disch.

GPM

Press.

Psi

Corr. Psi

Psi

Press.

psi

1st test

20

46

46

254

254

172

170

150

2nd

test

10

22

22

175

175

216

215

200

3rd

test

10

11

11

123

123

255

255

250