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Answer:
Advantages
------------------
1) It's cheap. A military that is not conscripted has to compete on wages/benefits with jobs in the civilian sector. Conscription permits the military to pay substantially-lower wages.
2) It provides large numbers of people. If your country faces a really substantial conflict, it might need to use a higher percentage of the people than would ever voluntarily join the military. A draft allows you to do this.
3) Domestic Security. If people are able to handle both guns and hand-to-hand fighting, there is going to be a lot less trouble in bars. Nobody wants to get in to a real fight/attempt to mug anybody who is likely to be able to kill them or cripple them.
Disadvantages
-------------------
1) You get the scum with the cream. A draft brings in a lot of slackers, criminals and people who could not tell their behinds from their elbows with an illustrated guide. The military now has to find a way to keep these people busy and out of trouble, and dumb down teaching to make sure it reaches them.
2) Dumbing-down the training produces less effective troops.
- The recruits for volunteer armies tend to be motivated, intelligent and patriotic. They are going to listen more carefully than conscripts, and actually put in effort to learn what they are doing.
- Training conscripts to do anything complicated is simply not worth the trouble. They are generally only going to be in the military for 2-4 years, and they are not going to put in much effort while they are there. This can mean a shortage of officers/trained personnel to keep vehicles going and lines of communication open.
3) People resent it. Quite frequently, they resent the army rather than the enemy that forced the army to expand. This can increase soldiers going AWOL and lower efficiency, productivity and morale. Volunteers have by definition, volunteered to do what they are doing.
4) Internal rivalry and distrust. The long-term members of the military are likely to treat conscripts like they are dirt. Why? They are probably undisciplined rabble that has to learn everything the regulars have known for years. Conscripts will learn quickly that the lifers are not going to help them out, and so they will find other ways to get what they need. This can lead to theft, fights, difficulty integrating lifer/conscript forces and morale problems.
------------------
1) It's cheap. A military that is not conscripted has to compete on wages/benefits with jobs in the civilian sector. Conscription permits the military to pay substantially-lower wages.
2) It provides large numbers of people. If your country faces a really substantial conflict, it might need to use a higher percentage of the people than would ever voluntarily join the military. A draft allows you to do this.
3) Domestic Security. If people are able to handle both guns and hand-to-hand fighting, there is going to be a lot less trouble in bars. Nobody wants to get in to a real fight/attempt to mug anybody who is likely to be able to kill them or cripple them.
Disadvantages
-------------------
1) You get the scum with the cream. A draft brings in a lot of slackers, criminals and people who could not tell their behinds from their elbows with an illustrated guide. The military now has to find a way to keep these people busy and out of trouble, and dumb down teaching to make sure it reaches them.
2) Dumbing-down the training produces less effective troops.
- The recruits for volunteer armies tend to be motivated, intelligent and patriotic. They are going to listen more carefully than conscripts, and actually put in effort to learn what they are doing.
- Training conscripts to do anything complicated is simply not worth the trouble. They are generally only going to be in the military for 2-4 years, and they are not going to put in much effort while they are there. This can mean a shortage of officers/trained personnel to keep vehicles going and lines of communication open.
3) People resent it. Quite frequently, they resent the army rather than the enemy that forced the army to expand. This can increase soldiers going AWOL and lower efficiency, productivity and morale. Volunteers have by definition, volunteered to do what they are doing.
4) Internal rivalry and distrust. The long-term members of the military are likely to treat conscripts like they are dirt. Why? They are probably undisciplined rabble that has to learn everything the regulars have known for years. Conscripts will learn quickly that the lifers are not going to help them out, and so they will find other ways to get what they need. This can lead to theft, fights, difficulty integrating lifer/conscript forces and morale problems.
First answer by ID2053830189.
Last edit by Joe-Sixpack.
Contributor trust: 6
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