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The Primary Producers of this forest are the plants that use their chlorophyll to create food for their own growth as well for the animals. The Ground Layer of this forest is covered with green mosses and small plants. Mushrooms, grasses, and wild flowers grow among the mosses, covering the ground with a thick, moist, green carpet. Dead leaves, logs, needles, and twigs, provide food for the detritivores, who digest the dead materials and make them available for recycling. In this forest the soil is rich in nutrients. The Understory Layer is made up of shrubs and small trees. Many of the shrubs are deciduous and shed their leaves in the fall. Many of them, such as huckleberries and blackberries, also have small, sweet fruits and berries. The canopy layer of this forest is made up of magnificent coniferous trees. They produce edible seeds and provide a thick "roof" over the smaller trees. Their branches and trunks support blankets of moss. The vegetation is so thick that sometimes when snow falls it is caught by leaves and twigs so that it does not fall down to the ground.
The Primary Consumers are mostly small animals. The forest provides food, shelter in the moss, mild temperatures and humidity, which encourages the growth of many kinds of insects. It is a paradise for mosquitoes! As well as insects, there are small mammals: voles (tiny mammals like mice), squirrels, and seed eating birds. These eat seeds, grasses, and even mushrooms. Larger animals, such as deer also find food in this biome. An interesting primary consumer is the salmon. These fishes hatch from eggs in the cold mountain streams and eat tiny water organisms and insects that fall into the water. The young fish swim down the river to the ocean, where they grow to maturity. When they are fully grown, the large fishes return from the ocean and swim upstream to lay their eggs. Then the parents die, and their bodies provide food for all the meat eaters in the area. Secondary Consumers are also at home on the forest floor. Tiny shrews devour the insects, and frogs catch insects as they fly by. There are many insect-eating birds as well, some of which, like the woodpecker, are adapted to finding insects in the trees. Weasels eat small animals, and racoons eat animals, fishes, frogs, and fruit. Owls eat voles and chipmunks. Insects live as parasites on other animals. Large secondary consumers, such as wolves, bears, and cougars, are the only ones who can bring down deer or elk. However, once they have made a kill, smaller carnivores may move in to get a share. The larger carnivores may also eat smaller ones sometimes. There are other animals in this food web, such as foxes, beavers, black birds, and porcupines. Because the plants do so well, animals flourish too. Abiotic Factors The rainforest is a key abiotic factor. The soil has little nutrients to give and is mostly acidic so the trees provide most of the nutrients for other plants which is why they are so big. The elevation is a key abiotic factor. The trees are so tall that certain plants of the rainforest get less sunlight and have different organisms living there. The top layer or canopy has different species living there than at the bottom. Different animals and plant life live at different elevations in the rainforest. Biotic Factors

Biotic, meaning of or related to life, are living factors. Plants, animals, fungi, protist and bacteria are all biotic or living factors. Abiotic Factors

Abiotic, meaning not alive, are nonliving factors that affect living organisms. Environmental factors such habitat (pond, lake, ocean, desert, mountain) or weather such as temperature, cloud cover, rain, snow, hurricanes, etc. are abiotic factors.

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abioticfactors - dead material, soil, weather, water and rocks, temperature

abiotic factors are basically anything that is nonliving.

biotic factors are anything that is living.

some examples of biotic factors are organisms. some organisms in the amazon rain forest may be certain types of monkeys, insects, frogs, etc.

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Biotic factors are living things including: vegetation (trees/flowers), predators (crocodiles/panthers), prey (ants/fish), and even humans

Abiotic factors are nonliving things including: weather (rain/sun), soil (poor in nutrients)...

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Q: What are the major abiotic and biotic factors of the amazon river?
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