Examples of gender roles would be the 25 hours a week a woman spends cleaning and cooking, and the 10 minutes that a man spends taking out the garbage. As you can see gender roles are often a bad idea.
Gender roles are the perceived norms attributed to males or females in a given group or society. For example : boys play with trucks, girls play with dolls. : woman cook and clean, men work.
Polarisation means to go to the extreme opposites, like North and South.
If a woman does all the cooking, and her husband does all the gardening and house repairs, that's polarisation of gender...