The Sermon on the Mount found in the Bible at Matthew chapters 5-7 is considered by many to be a masterpiece of simplicity on ethics and values which is what philosophy is about.
He introduced a new way of thinking about happiness in chapter 5 verses 1-12. Jesus said those conscious of their spiritual need are happy. He stressed qualities that bring happiness such as mercy, meekness, mildness, and peaceableness.
In verses 21-30 Jesus shows that actions such as murder and adultery start in the emotions of the heart and that one must tear out or cut off these bad thoughts and throw them away.
Jesus gave a new higher standard regarding divorce in that the only grounds for Christians is adultery or fornication.
A higher standard on showing love is stated in verses 43-48 in that Christians should love their enemies as well as those loving him.
In chapter 6 Jesus looks down on those who publicly display their holiness, but a truly spiritual person trusts that God will reward them for their goodness. (vs 1-4)
What to pray for in order of importance is given in vs 6-9. First come the sanctification of God's name, the accomplishment of God's will by means of the kingdom. Then our daily needs and request for forgiveness.
Jesus highlighted the importance of placing spiritual values over material things in vs 19-21. "Stop storing up treasures for yourselves upon the earth where moth and rust consume and where thieves break in and steal. Rather, store up for yourselves treasures in heaven... for where your treasure is there your heart will be also.
Living with full faith in God's ability to help us with our needs is stressed in vs25-34 where Jesus sums it all up saying " Keep on, them, seeking first the kingdom and his righteousness, and all these [other] things will be added to you. Never be anxious about the next day, for the next day will have its own anxieties. Sufficient for each day is its own badness." Jesus of course did not mean to do nothing ourselves, but to do our part and God will do His.
Imagine living in a world where no one imputes bad motives on the actions of others. That is Jesus philosophy in Chap 7:1-5 "Stop judging that you may not be judged."
Perhaps the greatest way of summing up Jesus philosophy on relationships is stated in verse 12 commonly called the Golden Rule: "All things, therefore that you want men to do to you, you also must likewise do to them; this, in fact,is what the Law and the Prophets (Hebrew Scriptures)mean."
Finally in verses13-27 Jesus shows there would be only a few finding life, and that one could judge between true and false teaching by observing their works. vs 16 "By their fruits you will recognize them..." And he says the few are the ones hearing his words and DOING them. Having a rocklike foundation those following his philosophy can withstand the rain and floods and winds of trial.