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you have a few options. while not many things will dissolve cellulose, there are a few combinations that will work. Thiourea / NaOH seem to prevent aggregation, provided that the solution is not concentrated. another combination that you might want to look into is LiCl / DMF.
There might be other ion / solvent combinations that would work. a very harsh solvent is DMSO, so you might want to explore some other solvent ion combinations.
Wiki User
∙ 15y ago
Wiki User
∙ 11y agoCellulose is soluble in cupriethylenediamine (CED), cadmiumethylenediamine (Cadoxen), N-methylmorpholine N-oxide and lithium chloride / dimethylformamide[11]. This is used in the production of regenerated celluloses (as viscose and cellophane) from dissolving pulp.
Answer:
A significant progress has been made in the development of solvents for cellulose. As the results, a number of methods can be listed here, which are visco method, Lyocell, ionic liquid, and alkaline mixture in water.
1. Visco method (in 1894): in this method, a mixture of NaOH and CS2 in water is used to dissolve cellulose. The process consists of three steps including pretreatment of cellulose with NaOH, followed by xanthation with carbon disulfide, leading to the derivatized cellulose, which is soluble in the solvent system.
2. Lyocell (recognized in 1980 and commercialized in 1991 in form of Rayon): in this method, N-methylmorpholine N-oxide (NMMO) is used as a direct solvent for dissolving cellulose. It has been proposed that the highly polar N-O group of NMMO can readily form new hydrogen bonding network with cellulose molecules, and thus disrupting the intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonding of cellulose itself, leading to the dissolution of cellulose.
3. Ionic liquids (first in 2002): a large number of ionic liquids has been shown the ability to dissolve cellulose without chemically modify it. The mechanism for the dissolution has been proposed is that highly strong polarized ion species of ionic liquids can form hydrogen bonding with the cellulose. However, it is not clear whether both ionic liquid anions and cations involved in the dissolution of cellulose or the anions dominates this process.
4. Alkaline mixtures in water (2005): in this method, a mixture of soda, urea and thiourea with different weight ratios in water have been successfully used to dissolve upto 5 wt% of cellulose at temperature as low as -12 degree Celsius. The mechanism is that soda hydrates and urea hydrates form a inclusion complex (IC) which is possibly able to disrupting the intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonding of cellulose molecules through the formation of soda hydrate-bonded cellulose network. Meanwhile, the urea hydrates lies on the surface of this soda hydrate-bonded cellulose network to prevent cellulose form the aggregation, leading to the good dissolution of cellulose in the solvent systems.
However, it should be addressed that until now it is not clear the mechanism for the dissolutions of cellulose. If an effective, economic and environmentally friendly cellulose dissolution method can be developed, it will open new opportunities for using cellulosic materials as renewable and sustainable engineering polymers.
8th April 2012
Wiki User
∙ 13y agoNo
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Explain how a solute can dissolve in polar and nonpolar solvents?
=a polar solvent dissolves a polar solute, and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes. likes dissolve likes=
Do solutes dissolve solvents?
It is the other way around. The solvent dissolves the solute. A polar solvent, like water, dissolves other polar substances and many ionic substances. A nonpolar solvent dissolves other nonpolar substances. Basically, like dissolves like.
Does different liquids affect the time of dissolving?
Yes. In some liquids material won't dissolve, or dissolve partially and in other it will dissolve fully and even in any rate. Mainly there is two types of solvents, polar (e.g. H2O) and non-polar (e.g. C6H14) Polar materials dissolve better in polar solvents, non-polar materials in non-polar. Further more some materials may dissolve in solvent using chemical reaction (e.g. metal dissolving in acid) Even some particular ions effect dissolving, or eaven molecules, such are called detergents. There is much to discuss on this question.
Do most oils tend to dissolve best in nonpolar solvents?
A basic rule-of-thumb when determining solubility is 'like dissolves like', meaning that a solute will be dissolved by a solvent with similar chemical properties, the most important being its predominant intermolecular force. For oil molecules that are themselves non-polar, they interact with each other mostly through London dispersion forces. Polar solvents, however, interact with either dipole-dipole interactions or hydrogen bonding and therefore would interact poorly with oils. Poor interaction is entropically unfavourable for dissolution. However, with non-polar solvents that interact with London dispersion forces themselves, they can readily interact with oils and dissolve them.
Does oil dissolve?
Good question... With the information in my science classes, OIL does not dissolve in anything. But in my opinion I believe it is possible for oil to dissolve. I think oil may dissolve in acids, or any type of chemical. Oil can also dissolve when placed in boiling water for a period of time. Hope this helps! Good luck
What can solvents be used for?
Solvents are used to dissolve solutes.
What dissolves organic and inorganic material?
organic materials dissolve in organic solvents inorganic materials dissolve in inorganic solvents
Do all solvents dissolve everthing?
no
What solvents can dissolve polypropylene?
hexane
Do polar solvents dissolve polar solvents?
Yes. Like dissolves like!
What are the fat solvents?
Solvents which can dissolve fats,e.g ether, benzene, acetone.
What are the properties of cellulose?
The properties of cellulose include insolubility in water and organic solvents, biodegradability, and ability to decompose.
How do you dissolve plastics?
With solvents. The kind of solvent depends on the "plastic" involved. Polystyrene dissolves in benzene or toluene Polyurethane (not the thermoplastic which is insoluble in most solvents) can dissolve in acetone. Polyethylene is resistant to most organic solvents. Styrofoam will dissolve in the isopropanol solvents used in some glues. This can be helpful or hindering when working with arts and crafts.
What can dissolve?
Generally polar solvents dissolve polar solutes and vice versa.
Explain how a solute can dissolve in polar and nonpolar solvents?
=a polar solvent dissolves a polar solute, and nonpolar solvents dissolve nonpolar solutes. likes dissolve likes=
In which solvents acetaminophen is miscible?
Ethanol and acetone are common solvents. Co-solvents can include propylene glycol and glycerin to fully dissolve.
What is the difference in the solubility of organic and inorganic compounds in water and in organic solvents?
In general, inorganic compounds will dissolve in polar or inorganic solvents such as water, whereas organic compounds will dissolve in organic solvents. However there are many exceptions to these.
