What are the three stages of childbirth labor?

Answer 1

stage 1: Dilation stage: There are several factors that midwives and clinicians use to assess the labouring mother's progress, and these are defined by the Bishop Score. The Bishop score is also used as a means to predict whether the mother is likely to spontaneously progress into second stage (delivery).

The first stage of labor starts classically when the effaced (thinned) cervix is 3 cm dilated. There is a variation in this point as some women may have active contractions prior to reaching this point, or they may reach this point without regular contractions. The onset of actual labor is defined when the cervix begins to progressively dilate. Rupture of the membranes, or a blood stained 'show' may or may not occur at or around this stage.

Uterine muscles form opposing spirals from the top of the upper segment of the uterus to its junction with the lower segment. During effacement, the cervix becomes incorporated into the lower segment of the uterus. During a contraction, these muscles contract causing shortening of the upper segment and drawing upwards of the lower segment, in a gradual expulsive motion. This draws the cervix up over the baby's head. Full dilation is reached when the cervix has widened enough to allow passage of the baby's head, around 10 cm dilation for a term baby.

The duration of labour varies widely, but active phase averages some 8 hours for women giving birth to their first child ("primiparae") and 4 hours for women who have already given birth ("multiparae"). Active phase arrest is defined as in a primigravid woman as the failure of the cervix to dilate at a rate of 1.2 cm/hr over a period of at least two hours. This definition is based on Friedman's Curve, which plots an ideal rate of cervical dilation and fetal descent during active labor. Some practitioners may diagnose "Failure to Progress", and consequently, perform a Cesarean

Stage 2: Expulsion stage :This stage begins when the cervix is fully dilated, and ends when the baby is finally born. As pressure on the cervix increases, the Ferguson reflex increases uterine contractions so that the second stage can go ahead. At the beginning of the normal second stage, the head is fully engaged in the pelvis; the widest diameter of the head has successfully passed through the pelvic brim. Ideally it has successfully also passed below the interspinous diameter. This is the narrowest part of the pelvis. If these have been accomplished, what remains is for the fetal head to pass below the pubic arch and out through the introitus. This is assisted by the additional maternal efforts of "bearing down" or pushing. The fetal head is seen to 'crown' as the labia part. At this point, the woman may feel a burning or stinging sensation.

Birth of the fetal head signals the successful completion of the fourth mechanism of labour (delivery by extension), and is followed by the fifth and sixth mechanisms (restitution and external rotation).

A newborn baby with umbilical cordready to be clamped

The second stage of labour will vary to some extent, depending on how successfully the preceding tasks have been accomplished.

Stage 3: Placental stage: The period from just after the fetus is expelled until just after the placenta is expelled is called the third stage of labor.

The umbilical cord is routinely clamped and cut in this stage, but it would normally close naturally even if not clamped. A 2008 Cochrane Review looked into the timing of clamping the umbilical cord. It found that the time of clamping made no difference to the mother, but did have effects for the baby. If the chord is clamped after 2-3 minutes, the infant receives increased amounts of haemoglobin in their first months of life, but may have an increased risk of needing phototherapy to treat jaundice. Sometimes a newborn's liver is slow to break down all of the red cells they had in the womb, particularly if they are left with more fetal blood from delayed cord clamping and phototherapy helps to speed the breakdown.[9]

Placental expulsion begins as a physiological separation from the wall of the uterus. The period from just after the fetus is expelled until just after the placenta is expelled is called the third stage of labor. The placenta is usually expelled within 15-30 minutes of the baby being born. Placental expulsion can be managed actively, for example by giving oxytocin via intramuscular injection followed by cord traction to assist in delivering the placenta. Alternatively, it can be managed expectantly, allowing the placenta to be expelled without medical assistance. ACochrane database study[10] suggests that blood loss and the risk of postpartum bleeding will be reduced in women offered active management of the third stage of labour.

When the amniotic sac has not ruptured during labour or pushing, the infant can be born with the membranes intact. This is referred to as "being born in the caul." The caul is harmless and its membranes are easily broken and wiped away. With the advent of modern interventive obstetrics, artificial rupture of the membranes has become common, so babies are rarely born in the caul.

Answer 2

The Stages of Childbirth

• There are several stages to labor and delivery. In stage one, the upper part of the mother's uterus muscles start to contract and the cervix then begin starts to thin and dilate because of the pressure on the blood vessels in the cervix. In the beginning, contractions take place every five minutes, but once the cervix is dilated, contractions resurface at three minute intervals. This typically means the mother feels more pressure and pain more frequently now. However, some women have actually reported to have no pain at all during delivery and deliver their babies very quickly.

  Once contraction frequency increases, the cervix dilates even the more. At this point, the contractions begin every two minutes and the cervix is fully dilated. After the cervix fully dilates, the baby's head usually begins to surface.

  In stage two, if it's your first delivery, you will take deep breaths and hold your breath at each contraction until the baby completely emerges from your body. Taking deep breaths and holding them is known for helping the mother to tolerate pain. During this time, you may also feel like you need to make a bowel movement.

  After the baby comes out, fluids are removed from the baby's nose, mouth and respiratory passages.

  In stage three, the baby is finally out, the uterus contractions stop, and the uterus muscles are relaxed, but within minutes the contractors begin again to and increase to completely expel the placenta from the body. Once the placenta is out, the uterus contractions finally stop and the muscles of the uterus relax. The uterus begins to progressively return to its normal position.

  Source:http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4572187_what-happens-during-birth.html

Answer 3

dilation stage, expulsion stage, placental stage

Answer 4

1.cervical dilation and effacement.

2.expulsion of the fetus.

3.expulsion of the placenta.

Answer 5

1) Dialation Stage.

2) Expulsion Stage.

3) Placenta Stage.

Answer 6

Dilation Stage

Expulsion Stage

Placental Stage

Answer 7

Stages One, Two, and Three.

Answer 8

n***gger