Describe the two stages of photosynthesis?

Answer 1

1. energy captured from sunlight by chlorophyll molecules found in thylakoids.

2. light energy converted into chemical energy: stored in ATP and NADH.

3. chemical energy stored in ATP and NADH powers formation of glucose.

overall photosynthesis equation:

6CO2+ light energy ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2

Answer 2

The overall reaction is as follows:

carbon dioxide + sunlight + water --> glucose (sugar) + molecular oxygen (O2). This reaction takes place through several steps which occur during two stages, or phases: the light phase and the dark phase.

In the light phase, energy from light, powers reactions that split water to release oxygen. In the process, high energy molecules, called ATP and a reducing agent and NADPH are formed. Actually, it is the the chemical bonds in these compounds that stores the energy.

The dark phase is also known as the Calvin Cycle. In this phase, which uses the ATP and NADPH from the light phase, carbcarbon dioxide used to make the sugar, glucose. Oxygen is a byproduct of the reaction.

Answer 3

There are two parts to photosynthesis. One is called the light-dependent reactions; the other is the light-independent reactions.

In the light-dependent reactions, there are two photosystems. In PII, H20 splits into H+ and O2. Since there are two hydrogen and only one oxygen molecule, it is written out as 1/2 O2. The splitting of water creates electrons. Sunlight hits the electrons and they become excited, so they travel upwards to the primary electron receptor and bounce down the electron transport chain until they reach PI.

Energy from the traveling electrons travel through the ATP synthase along with H+, which makes phosphate. Outside, ADP is made into ATP by adding that phosphate.

Meanwhile, light hits the electrons and they become re-energized, traveling back up to a second primary electron receptor and going down the electron transport chain until it travels outside. There, two electrons make NADP+ and H+ into NADPH.

The ATP and NADPH travel onto the Calvin Cycle.

In the light-independent reactions, 3 CO2s enters the cycle and latches onto 3 5-carbon RuBPs (PCCCCCCP). This is unstable, therefore each one breaks into 2 3-carbons (CCCP and CCCP)

Traveling onward, ATP gives up a phosphate to one, so a set looks like: PCCCP and PCCCP. ATP is now ADP.

Then, NADPH oxidizes them so a set looks like: PCCCH and PCCCH. NADPH is now NADP+.

There are now 6 G3P (previously known as PGAL) molecules.

1 breaks off and while the five move on. This is so that when another round occurs, the 2 3-carbons can form a sugar.

As for the other five, 3 ATP give up a phosphate while the hydrogen drops, so now there are 3 ADP. It would look like PCCCP again.

The five rearrange themselves so that there are three PCCCCCPs again, the name being RuBP.

The cycle begins all over again.

Answer 4

light reactions and dark reactions