Space has extreme temperatures due to the fact that there is no gravity. Sometimes, temperatures are extremely high, like in the thousands. Other times, temperatures could be thousands of degrees...
During launch, with the heat from the engines. Then 'in flight', or when it is in space. Space is cold, but when the sun shines on the shuttle, it gets very hot, and the opposite when the sun doesn't...
The temperature in space is close to "absolute zero" because any object there will radiate heat until it cools to that point. This is for objects not exposed to direct sunlight. In Earth orbit, the...