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Ashlee Farrell

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1y ago
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10y ago
  1. Eukaryotic cells have a true nucleus, bound by a double membrane. Prokaryotic cells have no nucleus. The purpose of the nucleus is to sequester the DNA-related functions of the big eukaryotic cell into a smaller chamber, for the purpose of increased efficiency. This function is unnecessary for the prokaryotic cell, because its much smaller size means that all materials within the cell are relatively close together. Of course, prokaryotic cells do have DNA and DNA functions. Biologists describe the central region of the cell as its "nucleoid" (-oid=similar or imitating), because it's pretty much where the DNA is located. But note that the nucleoid is essentially an imaginary "structure." There is no physical boundary enclosing the nucleoid.
  2. Eukaryotic DNA is linear; prokaryotic DNA is circular (it has no ends).
  3. Eukaryotic DNA is complexed with proteins called "histones," and is organized into chromosomes; prokaryotic DNA is "naked," meaning that it has no histones associated with it, and it is not formed into chromosomes. Though many are sloppy about it, the term "chromosome" does not technically apply to anything in a prokaryotic cell. A eukaryotic cell contains a number of chromosomes; a prokaryotic cell contains only one circular DNA molecule and a varied assortment of much smaller circlets of DNA called "plasmids." The smaller, simpler prokaryotic cell requires far fewer genes to operate than the eukaryotic cell.
  4. Both cell types have many, many ribosomes, but the ribosomes of the eukaryotic cells are larger and more complex than those of the prokaryotic cell. Ribosomes are made out of a special class of RNA molecules (ribosomal RNA, or rRNA) and a specific collection of different proteins. A eukaryotic ribosome is composed of five kinds of rRNA and about eighty kinds of proteins. Prokaryotic ribosomes are composed of only three kinds of rRNA and about fifty kinds of protein.
  5. The cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is filled with a large, complex collection of organelles, many of them enclosed in their own membranes; the prokaryotic cell contains no membrane-bound organelles which are independent of the plasma membrane. This is a very significant difference, and the source of the vast majority of the greater complexity of the eukaryotic Cell. There is much more space within a eukaryotic cell than within a prokaryotic cell, and many of these structures, like the nucleus, increase the efficiency of functions by confining them within smaller spaces within the huge Cell, or with communication and movement within the Cell.
  6. Eukaryotic Cells are the largest Cells, while prokaryotic Cells are smaller than eukaryotic Cells. A eukaryotic Cell is about 10 times bigger than a prokaryotic Cell.
  7. Eukaryotic Cells have a bi-lipid-layer plasma membrane and an exterior glyco-callyx Cell Coat; prokaryotic Cells have a bi-lipid-layer plasma membrane and an exterior mostly cellulosic Cell Wall.
A List:

Prokaryotic cells:

  • Most primitive, earliest form of life
  • Do not have a pre-defined nucleus
  • Chromosomes are dispersed in the cytoplasm
  • Contain no membrane-bound organelles
  • Have circular chromosomes and lack histone proteins
  • Most metabolically diverse
  • Small - typically 0.2-2.0 micrometers in diameter
  • Have a primitive cytosketetal structures or don't have a cytoskeleton at all
  • Smaller (70S) ribosomes
  • Don't undergo meiosis but reproduce sexually by the transfer of DNA fragments through conjugation

Eukaryotic cells:

  • More complex, evolved organsims
  • Contain true nuclei in which chromosomes are compacted as chromatin
  • Contain membrane-bound organelles
  • Have linear DNA and contain histone proteins
  • Larger - typically 10-100 micrometers in diameter
  • Have a complex cytosketeton
  • Larger (80S) ribosom
  • Reproduce sexually with the use of meiosis
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13y ago

prokaryotic cells: * no nucleus * no membrane covered organelles * circuar DNA * most reffered to as Bacteria * has ribosomes Eukaryotic cells * has a nucleus * has membrane covered organelles * linear DNA * are all other types of cells * has organelles and organelle parts like chloroplast and Mitchondria

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10y ago

Prokaryotic cells do not have a definite nucleus whereas eukaryotes have a nucleus.

Prokaryotic cells the genetic material float freely and is not enclosed within a nuclear membrane whereas in eukaryotic cells the genetic material is enclosed within a nuclear membrane.

Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane bound organelles whereas eukaryotes have membrane bound organelles.

Prokaryotic cells are ten times smaller than the eukaryotic cells.

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12y ago

Pro: not complicated

are one-celled organisms

don't have nucleus or membrane bound organelles

smallest cell

Euk: have a nucleus

multicellular

have complex cell parts

bigger

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14y ago

The primary difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes is that eukaryotes have a nucleus that holds their DNA, while prokaryotes do not. There are many, many other differences between the two, however.

Eukaryotic cells can contain several types of membrane enclosed organelles, the most important of which is the nucleus. The nucleus is a membrane-enclosed organelle that contains the cell's DNA. Other examples of similar organelles include mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplasts, and the Golgi apparatus.

Prokaryotic cells, on the other hand, do not contain any membrane-enclosed organelles. They are relatively simpler than eukaryotes. Their DNA is held in a region of the cell known as the nucleoid, but this area does not really differentiate much from the rest of the cytosol, except for the fact that it has DNA.

The structure of DNA differs between eukaryotes and prokaryotes as well. Most prokaryotes' DNA is in a circular form (called ccc-DNA, covalently closed circular DNA) and they only have one single chromosome. Eukaryotes, on the other hand, have DNA that is linear, not circular, and typically have more than one chromosome.

These are just a few of the differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes.

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12y ago

Eukaryotic cells are usually larger than prokaryotic cells.

Prokaryotic cells have a simple, circular DNA molecule; Eukaryotic cells have DNA in many chromosomes (DNA in eukaryotes is also more complex and includes histone proteins).

Prokaryotic cells have no mitochondria, chloroplasts, or intracellular movement. Eukaryotes use mitochondria and chloroplasts for metabolism. Eukaryotes also exhibit intracellular movement, such as phagocytosis, movement of chromosomes, and cytoplasmic streaming.

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11y ago

Basically, a prokaryotic cell is smaller, has a cell wall, has no nucleus, and its DNA winds around all over inside the cell

A eukaryotic cell is bigger, has no cell wall, and its DNA is contained within a nucleus.

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8y ago

They are both cells that are in certain organisms. They differ in many ways but the main way is that a prokaryotic cells lacks a nucleus while a eukarote cell contains a necleus. A necleus may also be called a nuclei.

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12y ago

A prokaryotic cell has no organized nucleus. It is much less complex than a eukaryotic cell, and lacks organelles. Eukaryotic cells have organelles. That makes a nice rhyme.

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Q: What are the differences between prokaryotic cells and eukaryote cells?
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Related questions

What are the differences of eukaryote and prokaryotic cells division?

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus and prokaryotic cells have no true nucleus.


What is the difference between prokaryotic and eukaryote cells?

Prokaryote cells only have one cell, as Eukaryote cells have more than one.


What is the difference between prokaryote and eukareote?

Prokaryotic" means "before a nucleus," and "eukaryote" means "possessing a true nucleus." This is a big hint about one of the differences between these two cell types. Prokaryotic cells have no nuclei, while eukaryote cells do have true nuclei. This is far from the only difference between these two cell types, however. This particular eukaryote cell happens to be an animal cell, but the cells of plants, fungi and protists are also eukaryote.


Is prokaryotic cells found mitochandria?

No, Prokaryotic cells do not have mitochondria. only in Eukaryote cells


What are the primary differences between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

The main primary difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that the prokaryotic cells don't contain a nucleus. The eukaryotic cells are also larger than the prokaryotic cells.


What does an eukaryote have that a prokaryote does not?

Chromatin is only in Eukaryotic Cells and not in Prokaryotic Cells.


Between which cell types is the difference greater-plant and animal cells or prokaryotic and eukaryote cells?

Although both have their differences, prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have the greater difference. The only major differences between plant and animal cells is that plants have a vacuole, chloroplasts, and a cell wall, while animal cells do not. Plant cells produce their own food, while animal cells mist consume food to obtain energy. The difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is much larger. Prokaryotic cells lack a nucleus and all other organelles. They have only one circular chromosome, and a plasmid. Eukaryotic cells are much more complex.


What charecteristic of prokaryotics organisms make them differ from eukaryotes?

There are about eleven differences between a prokaryote and eukaryote. The most basic difference is that the eukaryote have "true" nuclei containing their DNA, but genetic areas in a prokaryote isn't membrane-bound. If you need more differences between a prokaryote and eukaryote, ask me on my message-board.


What is the difference between eukaryote cells and prokaryote cells?

The main differences between the two types of cells is that eukaryotic cells have a nucleus, prokaryotic cells don't. Also, Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound orgenelles. Eukaryotics are also usually multi cellular, as opposed to prokaryotic cells that are only one cell. Prokaryotic cells actually have two different kinds: archeabacteria and eubacteria. Archeabacteria are known to thrive in extreme places.


What are the visual differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

Prokaryotic cells have small ribsomes, no mitachondria, no nucleus and fewer organelles


What is the difference between something eukaryotic and something prokaryotic?

There are quite a few differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. Prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus, while eukaryotic cells do. Prokaryotic cells are not found in humans while eukaryotic cells are. Prokaryotic cells are primitive while eukaryotic cells are much more evolved.


What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic translation?

they are different types of cells