Answer:
In the early stage of diabetic retinopathy called Non Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR), Diabetes causes the blood vessels in the retina to leak and form deposits called exudates. It is diagnosed by using fluorescein Angiography (FA) and Ocular Coherence Tomography (OCT).
If actual leaking vessels are identified, these leaking vessels can be treated by sealing them with Laser Photocoagulation Treatment to further resolve the swelling and prevent further vision loss.
It is expected that there will be oral medication which is hoped to stabilize the diabetic eye disease. The first such oral medication for nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy will likely be a drug called Ruboxistaurin Mesylate.