The cell wall protects it, the mitochondria power it, the nucleus instructs it, the endoplasmic reticulum produces protein, the ribosomes process the protein, the lysosomes digest things, the golgi...
The structures are Dendrites, which are the branch type things, Axon, which is the worm like string, and Cell Body, which is the circle-ish thing that the dendrites and axon are connected to.