thermal energy
That will convert the electrical energy into heat energy. Charge is not converted to anything; charge is maintained. What you are describing is called "resistance".
Electric lights (light/heat), electric motors (mechanical energy), heaters (heat), batteries under charge (chemical energy).
Thermal energy produce water into steam, the pressure OS steam runes the turbine & electric energy is produced.
it does not convert energy is energy.
through electrochemical reactions.
Toasters, electric heaters, and hair dryers are just a few devices that convert electrical energy to thermal energy.
kinetic & heat energy
I assume you mean electricity not energy. The electrical energy doesn't leave the circuit as such it is converted by a component. E.G. A bulb in a circuit will convert the electrical energy into light and some heat.
Bulbs convert an electrical energy to produce light
That will convert the electrical energy into heat energy. Charge is not converted to anything; charge is maintained. What you are describing is called "resistance".
energy
Heaters (With Resistive Coils) will change Electrical Energy into Heat Energy. Electric Motors (AC and DC) will convert Electrical Energy into Motion Energy.
A relay
Quite often, the word "circuit" is used for an electrical circuit. In that case, the energy is electrical energy.
A motor does not provide energy. It converts electrical energy to mechanical energy. From a circuit standpoint, the motor is considered a load (similar to a resistor). Resistors convert electrical energy to heat energy.
A flashlight's spring is just to ensure a good electrical contact at both ends of the battery.
How do solar farms convert energy into electrical energy?