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The colors of Kwanzaa are black, red and green; black for the people, red for their struggle, and green for the future and hope that comes from their struggle. Therefore there is one black candle, three red and three green candles. These are the mishumaa saba (the seven candles) and they represent the seven principles.

The black candle represents the first principle Umoja (unity) and is placed in the center of the kinara.

The red candles represent the principles of Kujichagulia (self-determination), Ujamaa (cooperative economics) and Kuumba (creativity) and are placed to the left of the black candle.

The green candles represent the principles of Ujima (collective work and responsibility), Nia (purpose) and Imani (faith) and are placed to the right of the black candle.

The black candle is lit first on the first day of the celebration. And the remaining candles are lit afterwards from left to right (not alternating) on the following days. This procedure is to indicate that the people come first, then the struggle and then the hope that comes from the struggle. Each day the candles are re-lit in order. Each day, emphasis should be put on the meaning of the principle and how you have and plan to exhibit that principle throughout the year.

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9y ago
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14y ago

1 candle for each day.

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Q: Why are there 7 candles on kwanza?
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Mishuma Saba is the name of the Kwanzaa candles. The seven candles are arranged in a special candle holder called the kinara. There are three red, one black and three green candles.


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