Answer:
Kidney stones are chunks of material, usually calcium compounds, that form in the kidney and can become lodged in the ureter, which leads from the kidneys to the bladder.
Once a stone passes, or is dislodged or broken up, it can be captured from the urine by a filter cone, and returned to a urologist for examination. The stone is analyzed for its chemical composition, which will allow the doctor to recommend dietary changes or other treatment that will prevent future stones.
Among ways to reduce the occurrence of kidney stones are : 1) assuring sufficient water intake, 2) modifying diets to exclude foods that promote their formation, and 3)monitoring any underlying medical condition that could cause them.