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What does 'cap and trade' mean?

Updated: 10/25/2022
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15y ago

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Cap and trade is touted as a method of reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions based on:

* capping the amount of GHGs that a plant can emit (in total tonnes/yr) with a declining permitted amount over the following years. * emissions in excess of the permitted amount cost the firm a fee (say $10/tonne) Assume the company can either pay the fine or put in pollution control equipment which would remove GHGs at a cost of more than $10/tonne.

What is supposed to happen next is that another firm which will be below its permitted emission rate will step up and sell the "hole" for $8/tonne, making money for themselves and saving the first company $2/tonne. Alternately if the first company can put in a GHG control system at the second company for less than one at their own plant site they will do that and claim the reduction for themselves.

What I have seen happen is that, since this activity looks more like commodity trading than pollution control, the company's trading staff get involved instead of the environmentalists and engineers. You soon have a futures' market in GHGs - big bucks to be made by all.

Except the purpose of the program is to reduce GHGs not play with them. Furthermore all nations need to "play" to make the system work. China and India for their own economic interests, especially in the current worldwide collapse, have indicated they will not participate. This directly increases their economic competitiveness relative to any nation that participates in this system and will cause migration of jobs and production to non cap-and-trade nations. In addition the costs of administrating and monitoring this international bureaucracy would have to be substantial and would be unwieldy.

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