It means "Dear God!" in english, and i think it means the same in Yiddish.
"Pretty" or "Beautiful". By way of Yiddish, it comes from the German "schon" (with an umlaut), which has the same meaning.
fool or idiot--someone behaving in that fashion. Correction: The literal meaning of 'putz' is slang for male genitalia. The English equivalent is d*ck.
"MAY-dl" = litte girl"MAY-deh-leh" = small little girl
It's a closer, more familiar form of "father".
The Yiddish word for congratulations is Mazeltov. (pronounced MUZZLE-TOF)