an AC power supply such as mains electricity has an alternating voltage - goes up and down (like a wave). The current used in the thing being powered often has some capacitance or inductance. Too hard to explain with text, look it up!. The current alo goes up and down but not in sinc with he voltage, so this is referered to as not in phase. f the current IS isinc with the voltage, it is IN PHASE, usually because the thing being poerede is a pure simple resistor.
Other uses for the term IN PHASE referes to any two thing that happen repeatedly at the same time.