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They are directions indicating how many times per day the dose should be administered. It goes like this:
SID or QD = Once a day
BID = Twice a day

TID = Three times a day

QID = Four times a day

However, The Joint Commission which acredits hospitals and nursing homes has recommended that these abbreviations be discontinued because they lead to errors in dosing. Now, physicians must write out the words, "once a day," "twice a day" and so on.
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