The genetically coded information in [the genes of] DNA results in the [further processed] encoded information being 'delivered' to messenger Rna.
None, all DNA sequences are coded for by just four base pairs, AT, TA. GC and CG.
A gene is a sequence of nucleotide which is composed of a nitrogenous base(adenine,guanine,thymine & cytosine in case of DNA and thymine is replaced by uracil in case of RNA),a sugar...
there is no "protein in a prion", because prion is nothing but a protein. The gene sequence of this protein is just normal, with nothing special.
Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes are called homologous chromosomes.