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Allo is added to words to indicate something is different.

In science allopatric is an adjective used to describe species that are similar but have become different due to a physical barrier separating them, their habitat is now different. They slowly acquire different characteristics and are no longer the same species. This can happen when a valley floods, or a river changes course separating two higher levels of ground. This has been observed when two islands are formed from a single land mass and the animals form separate breeding groups.
(Sympatric species have the same habitat but different breeding patterns separate them)

Allotropes in chemistry are the same element but have different bonding to hold the atoms together. The bonding in the diamond allotrope makes it hard and dense and a beautiful light trap when cut by a skilled artisan whereas, graphite is another name for soot and not so beautiful. Its atoms slide over one another in layers so it is a good lubricant. The third allotrope of carbon is Fullerene or "Bucky balls" (scientists are so funny!) Fullerene is an exciting soccer ball shape of bonding carbon atoms. Now what can we put inside them...

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Q: What does the prefix allo mean?
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