The term of office for the US House of Representatives is two years; there are no term limits. Representatives may be elected for as many terms as the voters wish, for as long as the Representative...
I'm not sure exactly what type of decision you are trying to find short term and long term for, but for business decisions short term is zero to three months, and long term is anything over a year.
Like terms are a pair of numbers with the same base and exponent. So an example of a like term would be 2x+4x <-- these are like terms because they have the same base (x) and the same exponent (1)...