What happens during volcanic eruptions?

Answer 1

The best way to describe what happens when a volcano erupts is to shake a bottle of soda pop. This shaking builds pressure caused by a chemical reaction. When you open the pop bottle, the pop squirts out. This is what happens when a volcano erupts. The magma builds up in its chimney and mixes with gas formed from melted rock. This mixture is light and rises to the top. When it reaches the top, it explodes from the cone of the volcano. The pressure of the gases in the magma causes the volcano to erupt.

There are usually signs a volcano is going to erupt soon. Under a volcano the hot magma is stored in the magma chamber. When the magma chamber is full of magma, the sides of the volcano bulge. Most of the time, there are earthquakes right before a volcano erupts. There are also gaseous fumes, like sulfur that smells really bad.An eruption can last from a few seconds to a year, even centuries. Stromboli in Italy has erupted every few minutes over the last 2,000 years. Some volcanoes erupt all the time. Most volcanoes erupt for three to four weeks and then rest. An eruption will stop as soon as there is no more molten rock, when there is not enough gases in the magma, or when the chimney is plugged with cooled lava.

Volcanoes erupt in different ways. Some are quiet. Others are very forceful and send tons of stream, ash and rocks into the air. A Peleean volcano has the most powerful eruption. Glowing clouds of gas, steam and rock blast out of the volcano. The thick clouds drop down onto the volcano and race down its sides. These volcanoes are named after an eruption Mount Pelee in the Caribbean that killed 30,000 people.When a volcano erupts, magma bursts out. Dust, gas, steam and hot rock shoot into the sky. Streams of magma called lava come to the surface and pour from the top of the volcano and down its sides. Sometimes the eruption is so loud it sounds like an explosion from a large bomb. Hot magma cools as it rises to the top. Some of it becomes solid on the way up. The solid pieces are blasted out in the eruption. The smaller pieces about the size of marbles are known as volcanic ash and the larger ones are called volcanic bombs. Volcanic bombs can be as big as and as heavy as trucks. The very small particles are called volcanic dust.Lava flows along as it is in liquid form and usually flows slowly. The thicker the lava, the slower it moves. Thicker lava does not travel very far and will pile up to make rocks. The hotter the lava, the faster it flows. In 1977 the lava from a volcano in Africa was so hot people and animals running away from it were killed.It can take as little as days for the lava to cool or it can take years. In Mexico, there is a volcano where people can still light sticks of wood from the lava that erupted over 40 years ago. Volcanologists have been able to stop the lava from flowing by building barricades of stone. They can also cool the lava by spraying water on it.Even if we can stop lava from flowing by using water, water will not stop a volcano from erupting. If you put water down a volcano's chimney, the water would turn to vapor and would cause an explosion.

In 1943, American plans dropped two bombs in the cater of Vesuvius and stopped the eruption. The bombs formed a crack at the bottom of the crater and lava flowed out. This lessened the pressure that was building. Americans also exploded dynamite in a Mexican volcano in 1919. The pressure was released when thick lava came to the center of the crater. These were the only two ways I found to stop a volcano from erupting.A volcano spits out steam. The steam comes from water that has seeped through the rocks from the sea or rivers. The steam is blown into the air. It cools and forms water droplets. If there is enough steam, there can be a rainstorm. When the rain mixes with ash, it forms a thick black mud. This is called lahar.

Answer 2

There would be a rumble and the ground would shake. If it is a shield volcano, lava would be seen flowing down the volcano fast, but gently. If it is a acid-lava or composite volcano, black fumes and smoke may be seen emitting from the volcano. Debris, rocks, gases and many more materials would be thrown out of the volcano. The rumble is usually loud and the ground would shake violently.

Answer 3

Magma leaves the underground and it passes through a pipe and vent, then it forces its way through the crater finally reaching the Earth's surface. Now, as the magma has reached the surface it is called lava, so the lava flows down the sides of the volcano and whilst it goes down it eventually cools and solidifies. Layers of ash and cinder are also formed because of this.

Answer 4

Molten rock and various gasses are erupted onto the surface of the earth at the volcanic vent. This lava may run down the flanks of the volcano forming extrusive igneous lava flows as it cools.

The source of the lava is the partial melting of mantle material. This may be due to decompression melting where mantle material up wells (rises nearer to the surface) or due to the presence of volatiles such as water. This normally occurs where oceanic crust is subducted into the mantle carrying with it hydrated minerals and water.

Answer 5

If you mean during volcanicity, then theres alot of underground movement of magma, viberations, explosions, and noise from the erupting magma and erupted lava.

Answer 6

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