Which plant?
Depending on its height, a rule or tape-measure. If it's very tall such as a tree, use a tape-measure or distance-wheel plus a sighting-inclinometer ora theodolite to obtain readings from which to calculate its height by basic trigonometry.
It's also possible to measure heights of tall objects like trees in sunshineby using the lengths of their shadows, properties of triangles, a tape-measure and some sort of ranging-pole 2m or so tall. I don't know this method off-hand but it's probably described in bookson basic trig and geometry - and certainly derivable from first principles.
To measure plant leaf area;
The best method depends on the accuracy required of your measurements. If you require accurate and precise results, use a scientific instrument that's specially designed to measure the area of leaves. E.g. AM300 Leaf Area Meter
My AM300 can store the image, and will analyse it to measure all sorts of useful parameters, like perimeter. I need a lightweight instrument which I can carry for hours, and it only weighs 1.8kg . Other models which are called 'portable' weigh 6.8kg!
If you do not require a high degree of accuracy, you can draw around the leaf, then cut out and weigh the paper. By comparison to the weight of a known area of the same paper, you can calculate the area of the leaf. However, when using methods which involve cutting paper, you must cut around the perimeter extremely carefully. Similarly, you must be highly accurate when weighing. I am not sure that paper - even heavy paper - is heavy enough to make the relative error <0.5%.
You can opt for a method where you draw around the leaf on graph paper, then estimate how many grid squares are included in the area. However, grid squares that are partly included in the area must be approximated so introduce inaccuracies.
I have used software called imageJ to draw an irregular polygon on a photo of my leaf. I investigated C.hirsuta leaves, which are a similar size toArabidopsis, so it was possible to click a enough points on the image to accurately trace the perimeter, without it taking hours. To trace the perimeter of a larger leaf, you will have to make hundreds of clicks. By my experience, this will take a morning per leaf!
crescograph invented by jagadeesh chandra bose
I know how to measure a leaf! using graph paperXD seriously!!
crescograph
auxonometer
we can measure the growth of plants by using a crescograph...
Crescograph
auxanometer
Auxinometer
2
A calorimeter measures heat. In contrast, a thermometer measures temperature.A thermometer bolometer - an instrument that measures heat radiation; extremely sensitive calorimeter - a measuring instrument that determines quantities of heatHeat is measured with a ThermometerThermometerThermometer or calorimeterThermometerthermometerHeat is measured with a thermometer.
The meter measures how much of the light of a certain wavelength (best absorbed by the chlorophyll molecules) is absorbed by the sample. The instrument measures transmission of red light at 650 nm, at which chlorophyll absorbs light, and transmission of infrared light at 940 nm, at which no absorption occurs (Hoel, Solhaug 1998). Before the measurement, instrument is calibrated - transmission is measured with no leaf inside. Thus, when a leaf is clamped by the meter, a certain portion of red light is absorbed and the meter can calculate a relative value (in SPAD, from Soil Plant Analysis Development, units), showing how green the leaf is. Basically, SPAD value correlates with actual chlorophyll content in the leaf, but measurements have to be taken at many points of the same leaf to be representative and calibration is to be performed for every plant species or cultivar to know the exact relationship between SPAD values and chlorophyll contents per unit area. (i.e. after measuring chl. contents with the chlorophyll meter, pigments are to be extracted from the same leaf and its contents measured, for example, by spectrophotometry) The meter measures how much of the light of a certain wavelength (best absorbed by the chlorophyll molecules) is absorbed by the sample. The instrument measures transmission of red light at 650 nm, at which chlorophyll absorbs light, and transmission of infrared light at 940 nm, at which no absorption occurs (Hoel, Solhaug 1998). Before the measurement, instrument is calibrated - transmission is measured with no leaf inside. Thus, when a leaf is clamped by the meter, a certain portion of red light is absorbed and the meter can calculate a relative value (in SPAD, from Soil Plant Analysis Development, units), showing how green the leaf is. Basically, SPAD value correlates with actual chlorophyll content in the leaf, but measurements have to be taken at many points of the same leaf to be representative and calibration is to be performed for every plant species or cultivar to know the exact relationship between SPAD values and chlorophyll contents per unit area. (i.e. after measuring chl. contents with the chlorophyll meter, pigments are to be extracted from the same leaf and its contents measured, for example, by spectrophotometry)
A microscope can be used for this.
discriminant validity
A spring scale measures weight.
A Ruler would be sufficient.--SpOnGii
This instrument is a balance.
Leaf is a plant.
A tiltmeter measures changes in the tilt of the earth. :)A tiltmeter is an instrument that measures changes in the tilt of the earth. :)
A calorimeter measures heat. In contrast, a thermometer measures temperature.A thermometer bolometer - an instrument that measures heat radiation; extremely sensitive calorimeter - a measuring instrument that determines quantities of heatHeat is measured with a ThermometerThermometerThermometer or calorimeterThermometerthermometerHeat is measured with a thermometer.
Bryophyllum leaf
Seeing as a leaf is part of a plant, the plant will naturally be bigger.
Generally, leaf cells are found in the leaf of a plant.
The meter measures how much of the light of a certain wavelength (best absorbed by the chlorophyll molecules) is absorbed by the sample. The instrument measures transmission of red light at 650 nm, at which chlorophyll absorbs light, and transmission of infrared light at 940 nm, at which no absorption occurs (Hoel, Solhaug 1998). Before the measurement, instrument is calibrated - transmission is measured with no leaf inside. Thus, when a leaf is clamped by the meter, a certain portion of red light is absorbed and the meter can calculate a relative value (in SPAD, from Soil Plant Analysis Development, units), showing how green the leaf is. Basically, SPAD value correlates with actual chlorophyll content in the leaf, but measurements have to be taken at many points of the same leaf to be representative and calibration is to be performed for every plant species or cultivar to know the exact relationship between SPAD values and chlorophyll contents per unit area. (i.e. after measuring chl. contents with the chlorophyll meter, pigments are to be extracted from the same leaf and its contents measured, for example, by spectrophotometry) The meter measures how much of the light of a certain wavelength (best absorbed by the chlorophyll molecules) is absorbed by the sample. The instrument measures transmission of red light at 650 nm, at which chlorophyll absorbs light, and transmission of infrared light at 940 nm, at which no absorption occurs (Hoel, Solhaug 1998). Before the measurement, instrument is calibrated - transmission is measured with no leaf inside. Thus, when a leaf is clamped by the meter, a certain portion of red light is absorbed and the meter can calculate a relative value (in SPAD, from Soil Plant Analysis Development, units), showing how green the leaf is. Basically, SPAD value correlates with actual chlorophyll content in the leaf, but measurements have to be taken at many points of the same leaf to be representative and calibration is to be performed for every plant species or cultivar to know the exact relationship between SPAD values and chlorophyll contents per unit area. (i.e. after measuring chl. contents with the chlorophyll meter, pigments are to be extracted from the same leaf and its contents measured, for example, by spectrophotometry)
A thermometer measures molecular energy.
a calender
ruler