What is George Stephenson's full name?

Answer

Arthur (George) Stephenson

(b Melbourne, 7 April 1890; d Melbourne, 18 Nov 1967). Australian architect. He worked for a building firm before joining architects Eggleston & Oakley and studying architecture part-time at the Working Men's College in Melbourne. After World War I he studied at the Architectural Association, London, where he met Percy Meldrum (1887-1968) and Donald Turner (1895-1964), his future partners. He returned to Melbourne in 1921 and set up practice with Meldrum. Their early work included a new stand (1927) for the Melbourne Cricket Ground and a series of banks in a neo-Georgian style. Small hospital commissions prompted Stephenson to make an exhaustive study tour (1927) of medical facilities in the USA, and his newly acquired expertise led to several commissions for large new hospitals throughout Australia after 1933. He pioneered the introduction of Modernism in Australia with the Mercy Hospital (1934) and Freemasons Hospital (1936), East Melbourne. Stephenson's hospitals are characterized by cantilevered concrete balconies to all wards, reminiscent of Alvar Aalto's sanatorium (1929) in Paimio, Finland, giving a marked horizontal emphasis. Architecturally more conservative than their European models, these buildings generally employ traditional double-hung sash windows, providing flexible ventilation, and decorative details derived from Art Deco and the work of W. M. Dudok in the Netherlands. His finest hospitals are the Sydney Dental Hospital (1940), the Royal Melbourne and the Yaralla Military Hospital, Sydney (both 1942). Stephenson's comprehensive ideas for ‘machines for caring' revolutionized hospital design in Australia, and his office became a training ground for young architects. His partnership, which became Stephenson & Turner in 1937, grew into one of the larger practices in Australia and also designed many modern commercial buildings including Unilever House (1957), one of the earliest glass curtain-wall structures in Sydney. Stephenson was knighted in 1954 and awarded the Gold Medal of the RIBA in the same year.

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