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There are several. One is sweating by the sudoriferous glands in the skin to cool the body. Another is muscle contraction which causes body temperature to rise. Then there is the hypothalamus that regulates homeostasis and body temperature.

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16y ago
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12y ago

I will illustrate my answer with an example of the external temperature decreasing:

Thermoreceptors in the skin detect the change in environmental temperatures, nerve impulses are sent via the autonomic nervous system to the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus monitors the temperature of the blood running through it, the hypothalamus will then send nerve impulses to the heat gain centre in the posterior hypothalamus ( Co-ordinator). Nerve impulses are then sent to the skin (effector). There are a number of mechanism that occur to conserve heat. Vasoconstriction may occur, this is where the shunt vessel dilates allowing the arterioles to constrict and the blood flow is reduced to the surface capillaries. Most of the blood flows under an insulating layer of adipose tissue, this prevents heat being dissipated to the environment via conduction. Sweating is also reduced. Shivering also occurs, these are involuntary rhythmic contractions that help generate metabolic heat. The rate of respiration is also increased. The pilli erector muscles are stimulated, causing hairs to be raised, this traps an insulating layer of air.

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Q: What homeostatic mechanism do humans have to help maintain your body temperature when it is warm outside?
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