What is Mesopotamia's significance?

Answer 1

Many great civilizations began here.

There was the Sumerian civilization (the first civilization on Earth), it appeared 9000 years ago. Because spelt grew on the banks of the Tigris and the Euphrates river, humans became sedentary. They began to cultivate these lands and invent new farming techniques. After that they invented writing and Architecture. Later, they began to build big cities.

There was the Akkadian Empire (The first Empire of the world). It appeared in 2334 B.C. The Akkadian Empire dominated Mesopotamia from the end of the XXIV century to the beginning of the XXIII century.

There was the Babylonians. The Babylonian territories were on the south of Mesopotamia. The Babylonian realm flourished from the beginning of the second millennium B.C. The Babylonian realm disappeared in 539 B.C, when the capital was seized by the king Cyrus II of persia.

There was the Assyrians. Assyria appeared in the second millennium B.C.. It turned into an Empire. In the VIII and VII century, Assyria controlled territories that are now known as Iraq, Syria, Lebanon, Turkey and Iran.