What is a bill passed over a president's veto called?

Override

A bill can still get passed if two-thirds of Congress vote for it.

The term for re-passing a bill after a veto is called "overriding" a veto. A bill which is passed by a 2/3 super majority vote in both houses of Congress following a Presidential veto is a law.

yes he can

Congress has the chance to override the veto. However, it takes 2/3 of both houses to do that. With the current membership in Congress, that means that it takes 290 Representatives and 67 Senators....