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Purpose of a cable splitter

Updated: 10/4/2023
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16y ago

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It takes one incoming cable and splits it into 2,3,4 outputs. Be aware that there is signal loss in any splitter but they work well with strong signal input.

The losses turn up in two forms :

A. The biggest drop in power (per port) is actually just a way the power is divided

among the ports to keep the coaxial cable's impedance (fancy word for inductive/

capacitance resistance) balance, so the signal is not totally destroyed by a

mis-matched connection. To prevent this, the power of the input port is

consecutively divided between all the output ports in the same balanced way,

and there is a reduction in energy/power that is delivered to all ports (normally

divided equally) and the rule of the thumb here is to buy the size of the splitter you

need, and not use that fancy 4-port or 8-port unless absolutely needed.

Normal losses for this are based on the number of ports that you are splitting to.

Number of Theoretical

Output Ports Insertion Loss (dB)

2 3.0

3 4.8

4 6.0

5 7.0

6 7.8

8 9.0

10 10.0

12 10.8

16 12.0

24 13.8

48 16.0

B. Normal losses in imperfect components inside the splitter. Because of the laws of

physics (and quantum physics), there is no perfect conductor, or electrical opponent.

This amounts to about ~0.2 to ~0.5dB for losses in the electrical components inside

the splitter itself.

Another thing to keep in mind is that when you are worried about power, is to carefully

check the Amplifier's gain and noise figures... don't buy an amplifier if you don't need it.

(amplifiers also add noise into the signal and unless you are using a special type, will

mess with your cable modem's upstream connection.

If you do need it, only put the amplifier on ports you DO NEED amplified, and it's worth

the extra money to buy the amplifier with lower noise power. Cheap ones will only add

ghosting and white snow into the picture as extra noise.

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12y ago
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Wiki User

16y ago

A cable splitter is used to divide the signal between two or more outputs, and is designed to prevent interference from one device to another.

There is always a `loss` when splitting the signal, usually measured in db's (decibels) and since the incoming signal has a limit of how much signal's available, if you split it too many times, the signal may degrade to the point that it's not usable. Then too, the splitters usually have a frequency range in which they operate, and having one that doesn't cover the entire frequency bandwidth that's needed, that will also degrade the performance.

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