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Apartheid is the Law system in which segregates black South Africans from White South Africans. Apartheid (meaning separateness in Africans, cognate to English apart and -hood) was a system of legalized racial segregation enforced by the National Party (NP) South African government between 1948 and 1994. It arose from a history of settler rule and Dutch and British colonialism, which became policies of separation after South Africa gained self-government as a dominion within the British Empire and were expanded and formalised into a system of legitimised racism and white nationalism after 1948. Apartheid was dismantled in a series of negotiations from 1990 to 1993, culminating in elections in 1994, the first in South Africa with universal suffrage, but the legacies of apartheid still shape South African politics and society.