A Apple native scripting/programing language that is based off parts of the English language so that it is easy to learn. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppleScript
There both programming languages if that's what you mean but they're different in how they are implemented. Python is a general-purpose language compatible with almost any OS but Applescript is...
for example, to password protect safari, copy this into applescript editor and change where it says --password--. display dialog "Please enter password to access the Internet." default answer ""...